Als die Mutter: Songs from my mother

In my life thus far, there has been no greater musical influence than my mother. Her tastes influenced mine, and my strongest interests in music have developed from the starting point of her printed and recorded collections. My interest in opera would not exist were it not for the musicals of Andrew Lloyd Webber and Rodgers and Hammerstein, which I learned to appreciate because of my parents.
Here are 10 tracks from my mother's record collection or songbooks.

1. Buffy St. Marie “Universal Soldier.”
2. Rodgers and Hammerstein: Waltz from “Carousel”
3. The Beatles: “Taxman”
4. Patti Lupone: “Don’t Cry for Me, Argentina”
5. Willie Nelson: “City of New Orleans”
6. Kenny Rogers: “Lucille”
7. The Shirelles: “Soldier Boy”
8. “Malagueña”
9. Palestrina: Jesu Rex Admirabilis
10. How Great Thou Art

Off beat fugues

I love the intersection of classical forms and popular material, whether it’s the use of ABA form in a rock song or Beethoven’s use of opera hits for themes to vary. Here are some fugues composed on modern pop material which I especially enjoy.

Fugue for the Tinhorns

Frank Loesser’s opening number for “Guys and Dolls” starts the show in a quirky and energetic way, giving the same music to three different gamblers praising the virtues of (and betting on) three different horses. The use of fugue here works well and keeps up the momentum of “Runyonland” (the prelude).

fugue on “Bad Romance”

Giovanni Dettori’s fugue has a good YouTube presence, with covers on organ and piano. Here’s the sheet music: http://www.giovannidettori.com/LadyGagaFugue.pdf Dettori states that this is “not strict counterpoint;” I find it interesting that the answer doesn’t start until the countersubject has begun. He uses the fugal form fairly fluently, making a good argument for the validity of pop material in classical garb.

Fugue on that ubiquitous Nokia ringtone

Nokia phones are everywhere, and everywhere they go the subject of this fugue goes with them. http://www.audiomuse.ca/doc/pdf/lo_nokia_fugue_v2a.pdf Vincent Lo, the composer, writes perky counterpoint around this tune (and presents a very clean typeset score, too).

Fugato Humoresque on the theme of “Dixie”

Now for some professional music. Mana Zucca was a famous soloist and composer around the turn of the century. Look her up online! Shura Cherkassky is another great pianist from later this century and does a fantastic job with this quintessentially American piece. A free recording can be downloaded here: http://www.lykhin.com/eng/classicdb/composers/mana-zucca/1398

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Finally, an encore. Though not a fugue, the “Dance of the Hours” from Amilcare Ponchielli’s opera La Gioconda became a popular hit in its day. You may recognize it as another famous pop song: listen to the original (the melody starts at 2:00) and then scroll down for the reveal.

“Dance of the Hours” from La Gioconda

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one of my childhood favorite songs!

Books for summer and beyond

It's summer, and I have more time to read. Here are 27 of the books which I return to over and again, in no particular order, with some quick keywords and Google or Amazon previews when possible. I could write blurbs about all of them, but in most cases the previews explain better than I could. Suffice it to say that what I love most about a book is an author you can connect with, and handsome writing.

Davies, Norman: Europe: a History not so conservative European history
Mumford, Lewis: The City in History
Johnson, Paul: Modern Times conservative American history
Gould, Steven Jay: Wonderful Life on the Burgess Shale fossil deposit
Tolstoy, Leo: Anna Karenina
Hawthorne, Nathaniel: Short Stories try “The Great Stone Face” and “The Wives of the Dead”
Morrison, Samuel Eliot: Old Bruin - life of Matthew C. Perry
Gombrich, E. M.: Little History of the World
Sandburg, Carl: Remembrance Rock nostalgic American epic
Van Loon, Conrad: Van Loon's Lives quirky biography
Dickens, Charles: Dombey and Son
Dawkins, Richard: The Ancestor's Tale evolution in fast rewind
Cozzens, James Gould: By Love Possessed
Russo, Richard: Straight Man college professor humor
Barbery, Muriel: The Elegance of the Hedgehog
Schmitt, Eric Emmanuel: Il Lottatore di Sumo che non diventava grosso *not yet in English that I can find, but well worth the read if you speak Italian.
Atkins, Peter: The Periodic Kingdom chemical geography
McPhee, John: Annals of the Former World *a collection of 5 books* geology and America
Robertson, Don: Praise the Human Season a shared life
Melville, Herman: Moby Dick beautiful words
Conroy, Frank: Body and Soul a musical life
Helprin, Mark: Freddy and Fredericka Charles and Diana
Sobel, Dava: Longitude John Harrison’s chronometer
Livy: Ab Urbe Condita *links to books 1-8, 9-38 also available* nostalgic Roman history
Solzhenitsyn, Alexander: The Cancer Ward humanity 
Connolly, John: The Book of Lost Things modern fable
Steve Hely: How I became a famous novelist book humor

Concert: Allentown PA

This week I traveled to Allentown, PA to visit family and friends. We went to a recital at St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church, featuring local organist Stephen Williams and the Monocacy chamber orchestra. This is the program, recreated from YouTube links (not with this ensemble).

Toccata Festiva - Samuel Barber
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jC4zz5tP22M&feature=related

Concerto in F - Josef Rheinberger
The Trinity Cathedral is similar to St. John's, though the organ set-up seems larger and more prominent in these videos.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Xfe_Y-1IJo Movement I
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zhrYOZVyQ-Y Movement II
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ExT8N4JhmO0 Movement III

Divertimento in D, K.136 - Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Tough choice of recordings - the  Youth Orchestra of the Americas is represented on YouTube, but the recording is a bit fast for my taste. That recording is here if you want to take a look http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wXzWjaTCO38 Here is a different recording at a more laid-back pace. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eb5d5qQpCdA and the IIIrd movement http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y447ddkRNM4

Concerto in G minor - Francois Poulenc
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3yiq-QcBHXM

Best Links

Over the past 6 years, I have collected an extensive list of useful sites related to music and academia. Here are some of my favorites, by category.

Free Sheet Music

Imslp.org The sine qua non of all free classical music, IMSLP now has a “search by melody” linked section and categories by genre, era, and instrumentation. Various legal challenges have been brought in the past against IMSLP’s public-domain collection, but the site is still going, and stronger and more useful than ever.

http://www.music-scores.com/useful collection featuring Sibelius Scorch playback and score previews, with music for all skill levels drawing on the classical canon, unusual pieces, and new compositions. Some scores require a subscription to print, but the playback section is always free.

https://urresearch.rochester.edu/viewInstitutionalCollection.action;jsessionid=BC940326E443F1ABB943E6C46A04863B?collectionId=25 The Sibley library at U Rochester has a great database of scanned music (i.e. no Creative Commons work) and is especially useful for piano repertoire and turn-of-the-century works. Much of their collection is now duplicated to IMSLP, but the number of unique holdings at Rochester are still worth searching if IMSLP doesn’t turn up enough for you.

http://www.mutopiaproject.org/browse.html#byComposer All typeset using Lilypad, Mutopia’s various works are fewer and more mainstream than the others mentioned here, but the editions are cleaner and nice to play from. Sometimes an odd gem will appear, so I check the new listings every so often.

CPDL.org Good choral music site, wiki-based for ease of use. Most of the collection is cross referenced along with IMSLP at Wikipedia, so if you look at a composer bio linked from IMSLP, you might find a different set of results at CPDL.

http://icking-music-archive.org/index.php The Werner Icking music collection is also linked frequently at Wiki, and generally is good for Baroque or organ repertoire.

Honorable mentions: 

The Smithsonian collection and the National Library of Australia both feature limited full-color scans of 20th century editions, generally popular prints but also some lesser known music. These sites are good as reference, but not for printing or downloading.

Recordings

Classiccat.net is great for downloading free classical music recordings. This site does not host any recordings, but archives them from around the web categorized by composer. The quality can be hit and miss, and the same for the coverage overall for each composer, but I've found some gems here as the sites referenced often contain large, quality collections and other links.

Naxos Music Library has an extensive listing of labels and records both famous and truly obscure, all worth sifting through and updated frequently.

Classical Music Library and Classical Scores Library are two halves of an excellent archive which fills in important gaps in Naxos and IMSLP's collections. The recordings at CML are not as many as Naxos but I have often found recordings there of artists not listed with Naxos, or historical records from an era not yet available to stream at NML. The scores database in some cases extends past 1923, so the scores are not always public domain; the downside is that you cannot download them (though printing is allowed and if you have a "print to" option such as PrimoPDF you may be able to download a copy in that manner).

Academic Research

These are the databases which my school subscribes to, but some of their functionalities are available for general use.

EBSCO I generally use this database to collect the first few articles on my topic, because EBSCO covers a wide range of topics and levels of focus (i.e. scholarly articles, opera reviews, newspaper editorials).

JSTOR‘s collection overlaps with EBSCO but contains many unique periodicals and subject coverage. Large full-text collection available.

Project MUSE Another full-text database, MUSE is for the arts and offers citations and downloads for their collection.

Grove Music This database covers the serious, in-depth articles of Grove and the quick-reference entries of the Harvard and Oxford Dictionaries and the Oxford Companion to Music. Also available at this site is Richard Taruskin’s Oxford History of Western Music, which is good for a long read or a reference for what you know and should know on the subject.

Opera blog : Likely Impossibilities

http://likelyimpossibilities.blogspot.com/ A great read about all things opera- thanks for posting!

Paganini's Ubiquitous Theme

An inspiration for works by Liszt, Brahms, Schumann, and most famously Rachmaninov, the last caprice of Paganini’s 24 (opus 1) has had a well-cited life over the last century and a half. Other composers, less famous today but celebrated in their time such as Mark Hambourg and Ignaz Friedman also wrote paraphrases on the theme. This theme continues to be “varied” today, with the “Song and Dance” of Andrew Lloyd Webber being a famous example, and influence is seen in numerous other rock/pop writers. The 24^th caprice itself is in theme and variations form, lending itself to new interpretations and homage. Theme and variations is perhaps my favorite form because of the different twists and colors each new composer adds to the original, while still remaining recognizable. Here are some of my favorite takes on the 24^th caprice, both famous and less well-known.

To start off, here is Itzhak Perlman with the original. Perlman is possibly my favorite violinist ever (not a group I’m terribly familiar with, but regardless), with impeccable technique and considerable, friendly charm. Paganini’s 24^th caprice is in A minor, fast and agile, and presents numerous technical demands on the violinist. When transplanted to a different instrument or orchestrated, the caprice’s theme loses some of its diabolical technique but none of its explosive energy and hair’s edge precision. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RM3Qfhd7dAw

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P9zYrBW9jVQ + http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DZJtwdFOoi8&feature=related Ignaz Friedman opens our set of Paganini variations, quoting the theme and varying it in 17 concert studies in A minor. Friedman was a fantastic Polish virtuoso pianist who often wrote concert transcriptions of opera arias or canonical repertoire. He lived from 1882 to 1948, making him a contemporary of the next composer on the list: Sergei Rachmaninoff, who wrote perhaps the most famous piece based on the Paganini caprice.

Rachmaninoff’s “Rhapsody on a theme by Paganini” gets a lot of airplay on today’s “easy listening” classical radio stations, and still gets featured in film soundtracks. The most memorable use in film (for me) was in the 1980 film “Somewhere in Time” with Jane Seymour and Christopher Reeve, set in a grand turn-of-the-century hotel. Here’s a clip of the music itself as it appeared in the movie, as Reeve is musing on the lovely actress Seymour. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h4N1mxN5JbU He happens to have fallen in love with her across time, but time travel is no match for their love (though doomed). The film is based on a Richard Matheson novel Bid Time Return and uses the 18^th variation, a theme with long lines and sentimental grandeur made for Hollywood (which Rachmaninoff knew, calling this variation “a theme for my producer”) though the equivalent in Matheson’s novel is a Mahler symphony. Interestingly, Matheson is better known for having written I am Legend. The 18^th variation is the most famous of Rachmaninoff’s set, which follows a loose concerto form (fast-slow-fast, with the introduction and 1^st variation placed before the theme appears) and features a piano soloist. Rachmaninoff, like Friedman, brings a virtuosic element to the piano, and casts the homage to Paganini in gigantic Rachmaninoff concrete-and-steel style. When the 18^th variation arrives, the piece has moved in the slow section to Db major and the theme is inverted; it is still a massive, crashing section in terms of what the piano is actually doing, but the orchestra softens the edges and creates the lush romantic atmosphere for which we love this piece. 

Finally, no less a composer than Johannes Brahms (unlike others mentioned here including Paganini himself, a composer of “serious,” German non-”brillant” music) wrote a set of variations on this theme. http://www.kellydeanhansen.com/opus35.html Here is a link with extensive detail regarding each variation, and links for Evgeny Kissin’s rendition on YouTube. Brahms’ variations are of the same cloth as Rachmaninoff’s – the piano here has a big and dense sound, with many shadings of color and sound. These variations are also entitled “Studies,” a title that draws attention to the various pianistic challenges in this work.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fihjGJ0Brw0

 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pcOeXpV5uzU&feature=related

 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uw3VjY4rda8